In addition, I´m not quite sure, whether we have only "pure IP networks" or whether there may exist other protocols, e.g. old IPX installations or SNA protocols. So, this level of indirection may still be useful. -- Detlef Bosau Galileistrasse 30 70565 Stuttgart Mail: detlef.bosau at web.de Web: http://www.detlef-bosau.de Mobile: +49 172 681 9937